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Standards can also be divided into mandatory or voluntary, depending on whether
their use is compulsory or not. As it is, all standards shall be approved by the
relevant official organizations, although their use by companies is not compulsory.
Nevertheless, companies decide on implementation of non-compulsory
standards when they assess that they will help them in their business.
Although the use of standards is often not compulsory, for companies it is more
or less a self-evident practice, due to market requirements. On the other hand,
there are some standards the use of which is officially mandated, as they
are included in the European and national legislation (Cebr, 2015).

Most often, however, the classification of standards depends on the organization
that issued the standard. Thus, in Slovenia, we distinguish between national
Slovenian Standards, European Standards, International Standards or standards
with regard to the market of the organization that issued them. For Slovenia
and the wider Europe, the most important national organizations for standardization
are: DIN (Deutsche Industrie-Norm or Deutsches Institut für Normung,
the German national standards body); BSI (British Standards Institution,
the British national standards body); and SIST (Slovenian Institute for
Standardization, the Slovenian national standards body). Among organizations
that cover a wider, multi-national area, mention should be made of European
organizations for standardization CEN, CENELEC and ETSI, while international
standards derive from the international organizations for standardization ISO,
IEC and ITU (Featherson, Ho, Brevignon-Dodin, O’Sullivan, 2016).

In addition to the classification with regard to the market covered by individual
organizations for standardization, standards are also divided, according to their
legal status, into public and (mainly) private standards. In addition to the national,
European and international organizations for standardization, also supranational
private non-profit organizations or associations such IEEE, IETF, VDI, under the
common term SDO (Standard Developing Organizations), have an important say in
standardization. The standards designed by the latter associations are considered
to relate more specifically to a single industry, and are of highly technical nature
(Baron, Contreras, Husovec, Larouche, 2019; see Table 1).

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